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The ilium is the largest component of the coxal bone, which is part of the pelvis. It forms the uppermost and largest portion of the coxal bone and is easily recognizable due to its broad, fan-shaped structure. The ilium plays a significant role in supporting the abdominal organs and articulates with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint, contributing to the pelvis's overall stability and function.

The ischium and pubis are also important parts of the coxal bone but are smaller in size compared to the ilium. The ischium forms the lower and back part of the bone, while the pubis is situated at the front and bottom. These components contribute to the acetabulum, which is the socket for the hip joint, but they do not dominate the size of the coxal bone itself. The sacrum, while an integral part of the pelvic structure, is not a component of the coxal bone; rather, it is a distinct bone that connects to the ilium. Thus, the prominence and size of the ilium establish it as the largest component of the coxal bone.